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Critters in Our Midst - Blue Jay

12/1/2025

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One of the things I appreciate most about living in the Upper Keys is the amount of birds and wildlife seen here every day.  Everywhere I look there is life; it’s almost like nature could be taken for granted.  In stark contrast to the urban areas to the north, and even in the Keys, just 100 miles south and west in Key West, there are far fewer critters.

So why is it when folks visit our tropical archipelago, the first thing they want to do is go to Key West because it is on their “bucket list.”  There’s a lot Key West has to offer that we lack here, such as traffic and parking problems, tacky t-shirt shops, touristy bars, and people-watching… why do you think they call it Key Weird?  ​
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Side view of an alert Blue Jay at the seed table.
Yes, there is the diving and snorkeling, and the Dry Tortugas are a must see, but let's face it, what Key West is truly lacking is the Blue Jay. Cornell Ornithology eBird database lists only two reported sightings of Blue Jays in the Key West/Stock Island area in the last 10 years. 

The Blue Jay is one of the most familiar and recognizable birds, and is a permanent resident of eastern North America, all the way through Florida, ending at Marathon in the Florida Keys. 
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Blue Jays scare away other birds and devour the sunflower seeds and wild bird food provided,
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Their tendency to “cache” or stash their bounty near their breeding sites, ensures against going hungry, which is why they return to the feeder for multiple helpings.
So why are Blue Jays rare in Key West?  It has to do with the Blue Jays’ diet.  They like acorns… so much so that Blue Jays have been credited with the proliferation of oak forests in their range.  The natural range for oaks in Florida ends at the mainland near Homestead.  There are scattered live oak trees in the Middle and Upper Keys, these oaks having been planted since oak trees are not native here.  Key West has zero oak trees and therefore no acorns. (Though I’m sure there’s a few nuts down there.)
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John James Audubon painting depicted bluejays raiding a mourning dove's nest. The majority of their diet consists of seeds and insects, but they do occasionally prey on bird eggs and hatchlings.
Part of the reason they can survive here is that Blue Jays are omnivorous; they have a varied diet consisting of fruit, seeds, nuts, insects, spiders and small living creatures such as mice and the eggs and hatchlings from bird nests.  John James Audubon depicted jays raiding a mourning dove's nest--but stomach analyses show eggs and chicks comprise an insignificant portion of their diet.
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Blue Jay close-up
Anyone who has ever watched a Blue Jay at a bird feeder understands that they are voracious eaters. Blue Jays disrupt the other birds, overpowering smaller and less aggressive birds, scaring away other birds near their food.  In their pursuit of never going hungry, they can collect up to six acorns at a time using their throat as a pouch to transport their cache to their breeding grounds, where they bury the acorns.  Because Blue Jays don’t remember where they hide every acorn, they have been credited with propagating oak forests.
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Blue Jays are beautiful birds.  Did you know that it is nearly impossible to differentiate between a male and female Blue Jay since males and females share the same plumage?  For the gender neutral crowd, Key West sounds like the perfect spot if you were a Blue Jay. One way you are able to tell males and females apart is by their size, since male Jays are slightly larger.

The world is pretty confusing these days… Not everything is as it seems. Blue Jays are not really blue!

The Blue Jays feathers are actually brown but we perceive them as blue because of a phenomenon called light scattering, according to the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.  The pigment in Blue Jay feathers is melanin, which is brown. The blue color is caused by scattering light through modified cells on the surface of the feather barbs.
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This is my seed table! Aggressive behavior toward another Blue Jay.
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A quick loop to make sure the other bird got the message.
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Now where were we? The Blue Jay resumes it’s meal.
Jays have bright blue top feathers, with white underneath.  Their wings and tail are streaked with black, their tail has white outer feathers.  They have a black “chinstrap” from its ears down to its chest, and it’s head sports a blue crest which lays flat when the bird is at ease.  The crest stands up when in an aggressive posture.  Blue Jays lower their crests when they are feeding peacefully.

The Blue Jays heavy neck muscles rival those of the woodpecker.  It has a straight black bill which can pierce dense acorns or eat locusts and grasshoppers, fare usually to big for smaller birds to handle.   

The Blue Jay, also known as Jaybirds, are members of the crow family which explains why they are large, loud and domineering.  It kind of reminds me of the characteristics we see too often in our fellow humans whom I try to avoid.  What Blue Jays do is part of a natural balance and shouldn’t be judged as either good or bad.
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JUST FOLKS BY EDGAR A. gUEST
​blue jay

All Winter long the blue jay stays,
When richer throated birds have fled.
About the cedar tree he plays
And Waits our daily gift of bread
The men who claim to know him best
Insist he's cousin to the crow,
A feathered robber, gayly dressed,
Not fit for decent birds to know.
Of morals he has none at all;
of manners, really very few.
There is no music in his call;
his charm lies in his coat of blue.
And yet I like him just for this:
On many a dismal Winter day,
When all the other birds I miss,
this fellow's brave enough to stay.
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Eastern Lubber Grasshopper

11/1/2025

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Hey there fella… what’s your name?  You have big hind legs… shall I call you “Jumper?”  

“No,” the critter replies…  “Those days are over for me.  Oh to be a nymph again!”

Well how about “Chomper?”  You appetite for greenery is doing a number on my lily plants.

“Sorry ‘bout that… a grasshoppers’ gotta do what a grasshoppers’ gotta do to survive.”

Okay… well move along and we’ll see you next year.
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Lubber nymphs are usually very lethargic and easily handpicked. Their black coloration makes them look like a different species than the adult stage.
These beautiful colorful creatures usually show up in my garden in the Spring.  Their population is small so I tolerate them; for the sake of a few chewed leaves, we can easily coexist.

Lubber grasshoppers (Romalea microptera) are native to Florida and the Southeastern U.S. including North and South Carolina, Georgia, and west through Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, to central Texas.  

Adult Lubber grasshoppers are primarily yellow with orange and red markings.  The juvenile nymph (immature) grasshoppers look totally different than the adults, and are almost completely black with a red stripe.  Adults attain a large size, males measuring 1-1/2” - 2” inches length and females often measuring 2” - 3-1/2” inches.
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These grasshoppers were exterminated while doing their thing in a natural park area. Why?
Lubber is derived from an old English word which means lazy or clumsy. Juveniles are more nimble and will jump away if approached. The adult grasshopper is a very poor jumper, and is usually seen walking, or climbing to feed on foliage at the tips of branches.  They have wings, but cannot fly.  Since the adults basically sit on the leaf, even when approached, it is easy to lift them off the plant by pinching their two hind legs between your thumb and index finger.  You can then relocate the critter to a place where it can do no further damage to your plants.

Unfortunately for the Lubber grasshopper, most people’s first reaction when they see one is of terror.  Jurassic monster!!!  Dinosaur war!!! Exterminate it!!!  
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Portrait of an adult Lubber Grasshopper. Photo by Linda Adams
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Closeup view of the Adult Lubber Grasshopper head
I can understand that grasshoppers are disliked by farmers because huge swarms can wipe out a farmer’s crop.  Farmers care more about feeding people than insects, so In this case it may be appropriate for the farmer to use chemicals to prevent crop loss and economic hardship.

Grasshoppers have few natural enemies.  Their bright colorful pattern is believed to be a warning to predators that they are not palatable.

In the home landscape grasshoppers can be seen early in the morning and in late afternoon feeding in flower beds, defoliating amaryllis, crinum and other lilies, oleander, butterfly weed, canna, Mexican petunia and lantana. Their veggie garden preference includes lettuce, kale, peas, beans and cabbage.  So I get it!  So how can we be humane while dealing with these critters in trying to salvage your home garden?  You can hand pick and relocate.  Another more final solution is handpicking and placing in a bag to be then placed in the freezer. 
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Caught in the act of chomping on lily foliage
In general, these critters do not kill plants.  What they chew on will return.  For example, at a local nature park I frequent, I was shocked to see dozens of dead adult Lubber grasshoppers lying in the flower beds.  This is a native, natural garden.  It is non-manicured.  So what harm is there to co-existing with a few grasshoppers?  They are amazingly beautiful.

How could anyone kill such a beautiful species? 

Pay attention young grasshopper.  Act with knowledge and compassion.  Though man is the king of the jungle and can do what he pleases, carefully consider the fate of the grasshopper in the home and natural landscape.

There is a reason for the grasshoppers’ existence, otherwise would it have been created? 

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Critters in our Midst - Butterfly and Pollinator Garden

9/1/2025

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“No shoes, no shirt, no problems” to quote a Kenny Chesney song rather sums up how summer feels in the Keys.  Besides that, wearing no shoes connects us with the earth.  My friend says barefoot walking in the grass allows the wifi waves we absorb from our electronic devices to leave our body.  Hmmm… I’ll go with that.
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Honeybee on dill flower. Herbs and other edibles are a great addition to a pollinator garden.
While musing on the benefits of barefoot walking… Yoweee… a sharp stabbing pain emanates from my big toe.  I must have just gotten stung by a bee!  Not to worry, I’m not allergic to bees, just a bit of pain now, some swelling later on. There is an old saying that beekeepers never have arthritis since bee venom has anti-inflammatory properties. Guess it is my lucky day…  you can create a positive spin on anything. 

Ironically I got stung while walking in the future site of a butterfly and pollinator garden… a suddenly sunny patch in my front yard created by the removal of a dead tree.  It’s a perfect space for a pollinator/butterfly garden, whose plants require 6+ hours of sun per day.  The more sun, the more active the garden will be.
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The Spanish moth is attracted to members of the spider lily family, chewing on leaves, bulbs and rhizomes.
Though butterflies are the poster children of pollinator gardening, birds, bats, moths, flies, beetles, wasps, small mammals and bees can all be pollinators.  They visit flowers to drink nectar or feed from the pollen, then move pollen between male and female plants, fertilizing the flower’s eggs, which then produce seeds to create a new generation.

Pick a site where there is well drained soil, and access to water to establish and maintain the plants, and for the pollinators to drink… a saucer filled with stones and water will do.  Choose plants that attract pollinators,  selecting plants with different colors and shapes, that will bloom during different months, to provide for a year round habitat. 

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When we think of bees, we think of the European honey bee that nests in beehive colonies.  At the other end of the spectrum, native bees are solitary nesters, that build their nests inside available nesting holes.  Mason bees love tubular homes.  Leafcutter bees snip bits of leaves to line their nests.  Carpenter bees carve their nests out of wood.  Paper wasps build umbrella shaped nests that hang underneath limbs or on your home’s facia.

Like all living things, pollinators need a place to rest and some might appreciate a little house.  Building a pollinator house is a creative project utilizing recycled materials such as scraps of wood and dead bamboo stalks.  They are called pollinator houses because pollinators visit them, but they are actually pollinator nurseries, because solitary bees use the holes for a place to deposit their eggs.  The bee selects a perfect sized hole, typically around 3/8,” then collects pollen and nectar to place in the tube, on which she lays one egg on top of the mixture.  The eggs hatch and the larva eat the pollen mixture.  When the time is right the larva pupate, and remain in that state until the following spring, when they emerge to start the process over again.

So worth it!  Plant the plants, attract the pollinators, provide food and housing for them, and the cycle continues.  My initial choice of plants may not be perfect, but with observation, adjustments and time, the garden will become a thing of beauty.
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Pollinator house with blocks of wood attached and a few bamboo stalks. The house is taking shape!
Here’s how I am planning the garden:  since sun is a very important factor, I want to make sure that no plant gets too large to shade out any area.  A good rule of thumb is to select one tree, two shrubs, one vine, and three wildflowers or grasses for a small garden. If more room is available,  increase the number of plants at the same ratio.  Plant in groupings for the most impact, and to reduce the appearance of leaf damage when the caterpillars are munching.

Think about what will bring you the most joy… and plant with that in mind.  Hummingbirds are attracted to the tubular flowers of the following plants: Red firespike, Pineapple sage, Purple passionflower vine, Aloe vera, Firebush, Necklacepod, Coral honeysuckle vine, Bahama strongbark (tree) and Little strongbark (small tree or shrub).

Bees like Sunshine mimosa, Portulaca,  African blue basil, Purple passionflower, Necklacepod, Fiddlewood, Greenheart, Soldierwood, and Star jasmine vine.

Butterflies like Pentas (pink, red or white are most appealing), Sunshine mimosa, Butterfly weed (Asclepius tuberose is native), Giant milkwood, Corky stemmed passionflower, Bahama cassia, Beautyberry, Blue porterweed, Jatropha, Plumbago, Scorpiontail, Wild sage, Zinnia, Sunflowers, Red firespike, Balloon vine, and Purple passionflower to name a few.  The Key West morning glory (Skyblue clustervine) attracts the sphinx moth.

For birds you want plants that produce fruit such as Shiny leaf wild coffee, Satinleaf, Soldierwood, Bahama Strongbark, Little Strongbark, and Beautyberry.
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Close up view of the pollinator house before hanging. Thanks Denise! for the cute plastic bee decoration.
The above plant suggestions are natives/or friendly additions for the Florida Keys, which is Zone 11.  They are low maintenance once established, have fewer pests and diseases and the native pollinators will flock to your yard. 

Don’t be a member of the more-dollars-than-sense crowd who would rather throw money at a problem than understand the root cause.  Board-spectrum insecticides should never be used. They kill a large group of insects, including good pollinators as well
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Finished pollinator box hanging on a tree at driveway entrance, welcoming friends and critters to our wildlife habitat.
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    CAROL ELLIS

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    Keep growing, Carol

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  • Home
  • THE ARTIST
    • Carol Ellis
    • Technique & Media
    • Beginnings Catalog
    • Photosynthesis Catalog
    • Human Nature
  • PORTFOLIO
    • Art in Homes & Public Spaces
    • Body in Motion
    • Colorized | Infrared | BW
    • Everglades | Hammocks
    • Flowers | Orchids | Peonies
    • Herbs | Veggies
    • Ocean Reef Club
    • Ocean | Bay | Mangroves
    • Palm Fronds | Foliage
    • The Moon
    • Contemporary
  • WEARABLE ART
    • Apparel
    • Dri-Fit Fishing Shirts
  • OCEAN REEF HISTORY
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